Noun Clause

PENGANTAR

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Noun Clause adalah Clause yang digunakan sebagai pengganti noun atau ber­fungsi sebagai noun (kata benda).

Menurut jenis kalimat asalnya, Noun Clause dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi 4 macam, yaitu:

1. Statement (pernyataan)

2. Question (pertanyaan)

3. Request (permintaan)

4. Exclamation (seruan).

Penjelasan:

1. Statement

a. Conjunction yang dipakai adalah: “that”

b. Fungsi Klausa ini adalah sebagai:

1) Subjek Kalimat

· Kangaroo lives in Australia (statement)

· That Kangaroo lives is Australia is well known to all (Noun Clause)

2) Subjek Kalimat setelah “It”

· It is well known to all that Kangaroo lives in Australia

3) Objek Pelengkap

· My conclusion is that Kangaroo lives in Australia

4) Objek Kata Kerja

· All people understand well that Kangaroo lives in Australia

5) Apositif

· My conclusion that Kangaroo lives is Australia is correct.

2. Question

A. Yes/No Question

a. Conjunction yang dipakai adalah: “whether (or not/or if)”

b. Fungsi Klausa ini adalah sebagai:

1) Subjek Kalimat

· Can she drive the car? (Question)

· Whether she can drive the car doesn’t concern me. (Noun Clause)

· = Whether or not she can drive the car doesn’t concern me. (Noun Clause)

· = Whether she can drive the car or not doesn’t concern me. (Noun Clause)

· = Whether or if she can drive the car doesn’t concern me. (Noun Clause)

2) Objek Pelengkap

· My question is whether she can drive the car.

3) Objek Kata Kerja

· I really wonder whether she can drive the car (or not).

4) Objek Kata Depan

· We discussed about whether she can drive the car.

B. Wh- Question

a. Conjunction yang dipakai adalah: “kata Tanya itu sendiri”

b. Fungsi Klausa ini adalah sebagai:

1) Subjek Kalimat

· What is he doing? (Question)

· What she is doing doesn’t concern me. (Noun Clause)

2) Objek Pelengkap

· My question is what she is doing.

3) Objek Kata Kerja

· I really wonder what she is doing.

4) Objek Kata Depan

· We discussed about what she is doing.

Catatan:

Posisi kembali normal, tidak seperti posisi sebuah pertanyaan normal.

3. Request

a. Conjunction yang dipakai adalah: “that”

b. Fungsi Klausa ini adalah sebagai:

1) Objek Kata Kerja

· Read the book! (Request)

· He suggested that I read the book. (Noun Clause)

Catatan:

Tanda seru hilang.

4. Exclamation

a. Conjunction yang dipakai adalah: “kata Tanya yang dipakai pada kalimat itu sendiri”

b. Fungsi Klausa ini adalah sebagai:

1) Objek Kata Kerja

· What a pretty girl she is? (Exclamation)

· I never realize what a pretty girl she is. (Noun Clause)

2) Objek Kata Depan

· We are talking about what a pretty girl she is.

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Catatan Tambahan:

1. Noun Clause dengan “that” digunakan sebagai subjek dari suatu kalimat hanya dengan kata kerja tertentu. Dan kata kerja (verb) yang penting adalah linking verb, khususnya BE.

2. Noun Clause dengan “that” sering menjadi objek dari verb (kata kerja), beberapa verb berikut ini biasanya mempunyai subjek yang me­nunjukkan manusia. Kata-kata tersebut terutama sekali adalah verb yang digunakan dalam Indirect Speech Berta verb yang menyatakan kegiatan mental.

· Kata Kerja Kalimat Tak Langsung

Admit, agree, allege, announce, argue, assert, assure, declare, aver, boast, claim, complain, confess, convince, deny, disagree, explain, foretell, hint, inform, insist, maintain, notify, persuade, pray, predict, proclaim, promise, relate, remark, remind, report, say, state, swear, teach, tell, threaten, warn

· Kata Kerja Aktivitas Mental

Ascertain, assume, believe, calculate, care (untuk kalimat negative atau interrogative), conceive, conclude, consider, convince, decide, discover, doubt, dream, expect, fancy, feel, find out, forget, grant, guess, hear, hold (pendapat), hope, imagine, indicate, know, judge, learn, mean, mind (untuk kalimat negative atau interrogative), notice, perceive, presume, pretend, prove, question, realize, recall, reckon, recollect, reflect, regret, rejoice, remember, reveal, see, show, suppose, surmise, think, trust, understand, wish

Contoh:

· Alex thinks that Mary is ill.

· Bob told me that he had finished breakfast.

· Henry says that Jack is very busy.

· He insists that there is a mistake.

· He complained to his friend that his wife couldn't cook.

3. Dalam percakapan yang tidak resmi (informal) “that” sering dihilangkan dari objek Clause jika artinya (maksudnya) sudah jelas dapat dimengerti tanpa adanya “that”.

Contoh:

· I am sorry (that) I couldn't meet you at the station.

· He says (that) they plan to come to the dance.

· We thought (that) you had already left for abroad.

· The reason we returned so early is, (that) one of the children got sick.

4. Noun Clause dari question (pertanyaan) yang terletak sesudah verb yang memerlukan 2 objek mungkin berfungsi sebagai salah satu atau kedua objek dari verb tersebut.

Contoh:

	Indirect Object	Direct Object
Give	the man	what is in this envelope
Give	whoever comes to the door	the money in this envelope
Give	whoever comes to the door	what is in this envelope
	Direct Object	Indirect Object
I consider	what you have said his	a great insult
He named	His cat	whatever came to his mind first

5. Noun Clause dari pertanyaan mungkin diawali dengan kata-kata tanya yang berfungsi sebagai: Pronouns, Adjectives, atau Adverbs. Kata-kata yang dipakai adalah: Pronoun = who (ever), what (ever(, which. (ever), Adjective = whose, what (ever), which (ever), Adverb = how (ever), when (ever), where (ever), why.

Contoh:

· We don't know who will be coming from the employ­ment agency. (who adalah subjek dari will be coming)

· We don't know whom the employment agency will send. (whom adalah objek dari will send)

· We will ask whoever comes from the employment agency. (whoever adalah subjek dari comes)

· We will ask whomever the employment agency sends. (whomever adalah objek dari sends)

6. Dalam Noun Clause dari pertanyaan, subjek dan verb mempunyai su­sunan yang umum, yakni terletak sesudah introductory word.

7. Noun Clause dari permintaan dimulai dengan that- Clause ini paling sering merupakan objek dari verb yang menyatakan permintaan, saran, atau keinginan dan sebagainya.

Contoh:

· He is requesting that a company car be placed at his disposal.

· The doctor recommended that he take a vacation.

· It was suggested that she leave immediately.

· It was proposed that the meeting be adjourned.

8. Kadang-kadang “that” yang merupakan kata permulaan Clause dapat digan­tikan dengan susunan infinitive setelah kata-kata kerja yang menunjukkan permintaan seperti advise, ask, beg, command, desire, forbid, order, request, require, argue.

9. Subjek dari that-Clause sering dalam bentuk passive dari verbs of requesting dengan susunan anticipatory it.

Contoh:

· It was requested that all gentlemen wear coats tied. (= That all gentlemen wear coats and ties is requested.)

· It has been suggested that each member contributed some money for renovation of the clubhouse.

· It is advisable that he stay for the entire conference.

10. Noun Clause dari exclamation (seruan) diintrodusir dengan kata-kata yang sama dengan kata-kata yang memulai exclamation (kalimat seru), yaitu: what, what a atau how.

Contoh:

· Exclamation: How beautiful his wife is!

· Noun Clause: I am amazed at how beautiful his wife is.

· Exclamation: What a beautiful figure his wife has!

· Noun Clause: He is always boasting about what a beautiful figure his wife has.

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Urutan Tenses dalam Noun Clauses

Antara Main Clause dan Subordinate Clause, yakni Noun Clause harus selalu mengikuti ketentuan-ketentuan sebagai berikut:

1. Bila verb dalam Main Clause dalam bentuk present tense, present perfect, dan future tense, maka verb dalam subordinate Clause (noun Clause) tidak mengalami perubahan tense.

2. Bila verb dalam Main Clause dalam bentuk past tense, maka Subordinate Clause, yakni Noun Clause mengalami perubahan tense.

Perhatikan contoh-contoh berikut ini:

Present Main Verb (Tidak ada urutan Tenses)	Past Main Verb (Ada Urutan Tenses)
He says (that):	He said (that):
the train always arrives late.	the train always arrived late.
the train is arriving.	the train was arriving.
the train has arrived late.	the train had arrived late.
the train just arrived.	the train had just arrived.
the train will arrive soon.	the train would arrive soon.
the train may be arriving soon.	the train might be arriving soon.

Untuk lebih jelasnya, silahkan kunjungi pelajaran Reported Speech