Elliptical Construction

Elliptical atau Elipsis adalah penghilangan kata atau sejumlah kata dari suatu kalimat yang bertujuan agar kalimat menjadi lebih pendek dan lebih baik susunannya.

Susunan Elipsis sering digunakan banyak orang baik dalam percakapan maupun dalam bentuk tulisan. Semua ini ditujukan untuk menyingkat kalimat dan memperindah susunan kalimat namun tidak merubah makna dan arti sama sekali. Bayangkan kalau kita membaca sebuah buku dan buku itu berisi kalimat-kalimat yang tidak perlu. Tentu kita akan bosan membacanya. Oleh karena itu, maka Susunan Elipsis ini penting untuk dipelajari.

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1. POSITIVE ELLIPTIC

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Apabila dalam sebuah kalimat positif kita mendapati predikat yang sama, maka kita sebaiknya menggunakan kata "too" atau "so" yang artinya "juga":

Perhatikan cara menggabungkan beberapa kalimat di bawah ini agar menjadi lebih singkat dan tersusun rapi, namun tidak merubah arti sama sekali.

• He is busy. I am busy
  (= He is busy and I am too)
  (= He is busy and so am I)
• Mary is beautiful. You are beautiful
  (= Mary is beautiful and you are too)
  (= Mary is beautiful and so are you)
• My brother can swim well. You can swim well
  (= My brother can swim well and you can too)
  (= My brother can swim well and so can you)
• Alex buys a new car. Henry buys a news car.
  (= Alex buys a new car and Henry does too)
  (= Alex buys a new car and so does Henry)
• Jack went to Bali yesterday. William went to Bali yesterday.
  (= Jack went to Bali yesterday and William did too)
  (= Jack went to Bali yesterday and so did William)

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2. NEGATIVE ELLIPTIC

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Apabila dalam sebuah kalimat negatif kita mendapati predikat yang sama, maka kita sebaiknya menggunakan kata "either" atau "neither" yang artinya "juga tidak":

• Ed doesn't like mango. George doesn't like mango.
  (= Ed doesn't like mango and George doesn't either)
  (= Ed doesn't like mango and neither does George )
• My father won't come there. I won't come there.
  (= My father won't come there and I won't either)
  (= My father won't come there and neither will I)
• She never comes here. He never comes here.
  (= She never comes here and he doesn't either)
  (= She never comes here and neither does he)

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CATATAN

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Ada beberapa adverbs of frequency yang dianggap negatif seperti:

• never
• seldom
• rarely
• few
• hardly
• barely
• scarely
• litlle
• dll

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3. CONTRARY ELLIPTIC

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Untuk susunan yang berlawanan, kita dapat menggunakan kata "but" yang artinya "tetapi":

• Stephanie is clever. Her sister isn't clever
  (= Stephanie is clever but her sister isn't)
• She does not have a pen. I have a pen.
  (= She doesnot have a pen but I do)

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BEBERAPA TEMPAT TERJADINYA SUSUNAN ELIPSIS

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1. Menghilangkan Subjek dan atau Auxiliary/Modal

• Mr. Hunt ate a piece of bread for breakfast and (he) drank a cup of coffee. (= kata "he" sebaiknya dihilangkan karena tidak perlu pengulangan subjek)
• My servant has swept the floor, (my servant has) washed the dishes, and (my servant has) cooked our lunch. (= "my servant has" selalu berulang-ulang. Oleh karena itu, sebaiknya dihilangkan)
• To save the time, you should clean the house and Mary (should) cook the meal.

2. Menghilangkan Predikat

• I work at school and my wife (works) at a bank.
• Jack will visit the church, while Ahmad (will visit) the mosque.

3. Menghilangkan Objek Langsung

• Why do you open (the door) and (you) close the door?